§¤§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó, §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§í§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ç§â§à§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§à§Þ, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§à§Ü §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö: §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 50% §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§à§Þ §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.
§³§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §à§Ù§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ú§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§â§í§Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à§Þ §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§í§ç §Ú §á§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.
§¢§Ö§Ù §ã§Ü§à§à§â§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§à §á§à§Õ§à§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â§à§Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö.
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Û.
§£ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 3,6 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û.
§´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß.
§£§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ý§Ñ§Õ§ê§Ö 25 §Ý§Ö§ä §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ý§Ú§ê§î 6,5% §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §¥§Ý§ñ §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§à§é§ä§Ú §ä§â§Ö§ä§î §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û ¡ª §ã§ä§Ñ§â§ê§Ö 55 §Ý§Ö§ä.
§£§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§í §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 7% §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û.
§£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§ñ§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§ð §Ó§í§Û§Õ§å§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 3,4 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û.
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó
§¥§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ä.
§´§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã 2022 §á§à 2023 §Ô§à§Õ §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ 54%.
§±§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§à§Ó: §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 3% §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö ¡ª §Þ§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö 25 §Ý§Ö§ä, §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 40% ¡ª §ã§ä§Ñ§â§ê§Ö 55 §Ý§Ö§ä.
§¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à 16% §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö ¡ª §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§í, §é§ä§à §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §á§à §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§à§Û §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ú (22%), §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §á§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ä§â§å§Õ§à§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (46%).
§¢§Ö§Ù §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§â §Ü 2028 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 275 000 §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó.
§²§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ
§¯§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í §Þ§Ö§â§í, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§ð §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§Û §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§Ú §Ú §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß.
§¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ:
- §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§à§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§Þ§à§Û §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú;
- §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Þ§Ö§Ø§å§ä§Ü§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §à§Ò§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í (school-to-wheel gap), §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ-§á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ç §Ó§ã§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§Ö§ä 18 §Ý§Ö§ä.
§±§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ:
- §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§í§ç, §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ú §à§ã§ß§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§Ñ§â§Ü§à§Ó§à§Ü §Ú §Ù§à§ß §à§ä§Õ§í§ç§Ñ;
- §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §á§â§Ú§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §ä§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ç §Ú §Ó §Õ§Ö§á§à;
- §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ§Ú§Õ§Ø§Ñ §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ü§Ñ§â§î§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §å§é§Ñ§ë§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§Ú;
- §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§ç.
§±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä STEER2EU
§ª§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö STEER2EU, §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§×§ß§ß§à§Ö ·¬ÇÑÊÓÆµ§á§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Ù§å §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §à§ã§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ñ §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Û §à§á§í§ä §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §¦§³.
§£ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§í §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ §Ó §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §Ú §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §¦§³, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ §â§í§ß§à§Ü §ä§â§å§Õ§Ñ §¦§³.
§±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä SDM4EU
·¬ÇÑÊÓÆµ§ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §ã §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§à§Þ §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ö §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §±§Ñ§â§ä§ß§×§â§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä ?§®§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §¦§Ó§â§à§á§í? (SDM4EU).
§£ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç SDM4EU §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û-§á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó.
§¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ò§í§Ý §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß §Þ§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §ä§â§å§Õ§à§å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ã §á§â§à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä§à§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§à§Ó §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä.
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û
§¤§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó, §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§í§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ç§â§à§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§à§Þ, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§à§Ü §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö: §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 50% §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§à§Þ §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.
§³§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §à§Ù§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ú§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§â§í§Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à§Þ §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§í§ç §Ú §á§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.
§¢§Ö§Ù §ã§Ü§à§à§â§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§à §á§à§Õ§à§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â§à§Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö.
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Û.
§£ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 3,6 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û.
§´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß.
§£§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ý§Ñ§Õ§ê§Ö 25 §Ý§Ö§ä §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ý§Ú§ê§î 6,5% §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §¥§Ý§ñ §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§à§é§ä§Ú §ä§â§Ö§ä§î §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û ¡ª §ã§ä§Ñ§â§ê§Ö 55 §Ý§Ö§ä.
§£§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§í §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 7% §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û.
§£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§ñ§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§ð §Ó§í§Û§Õ§å§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 3,4 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ô§â§å§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§Û.
§¯§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó
§¥§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ä.
§´§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã 2022 §á§à 2023 §Ô§à§Õ §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ 54%.
§±§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§à§Ó: §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 3% §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö ¡ª §Þ§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö 25 §Ý§Ö§ä, §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 40% ¡ª §ã§ä§Ñ§â§ê§Ö 55 §Ý§Ö§ä.
§¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à 16% §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö ¡ª §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§í, §é§ä§à §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §á§à §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§ß§à§Û §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ú (22%), §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §á§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ä§â§å§Õ§à§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (46%).
§¢§Ö§Ù §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§â §Ü 2028 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 275 000 §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó §Ú §ä§å§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Ò§å§ã§à§Ó.
§²§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ
§¯§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í §Þ§Ö§â§í, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§ð §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§Û §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§Ú §Ú §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß.
§¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ:
§±§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ:
§±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä STEER2EU
§ª§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö STEER2EU, §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§×§ß§ß§à§Ö ·¬ÇÑÊÓÆµ§á§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§Ù§å §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §à§ã§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ñ §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Û §à§á§í§ä §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §¦§³.
§£ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§í §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ §Ó §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §Ú §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §¦§³, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ §â§í§ß§à§Ü §ä§â§å§Õ§Ñ §¦§³.
§±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä SDM4EU
·¬ÇÑÊÓÆµ§ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §ã §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§à§Þ §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ö §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §±§Ñ§â§ä§ß§×§â§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä ?§®§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §¦§Ó§â§à§á§í? (SDM4EU).
§£ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç SDM4EU §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û-§á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó.
§¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ò§í§Ý §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß §Þ§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §ä§â§å§Õ§à§å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ã §á§â§à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä§à§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§à§Ó §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä.
§³§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ú §á§à §ä§Ö§Þ§Ö
§°§ä§é§×§ä§í §à §ß§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û
§°§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§î§ä§Ö§ã§î §ã §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å.